Flashcards
The perfect way to digest tricky information quickly.
What are Flashcards?
Simple and highly useful, flashcards have a question on one side and answer on the other. Use them to test your knowledge of tricky facts and figures, or for straightforward Q & A’s. Alternatively, customise your flashcards with words & definitions, theory & explanation, or whatever information you need to learn fast.
How are they useful?
Flashcards help to improve your memory as they require the mental process of active recall. This means you will actively engage with a topic, rather than just passively soaking up information. Using short sentences and one word answers will help you to memorise facts and make the information stick in your mind clearly.
Why create Flashcards?
They’re a great way to memorise the most important facts and figures for your exams. Create them online and stretch your brain further by testing yourself with missing words; or print them off in A5 or A6 to get the most out of your flashcards while on the go.
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Epidemiology today is largely directed at...?
Chronic disease
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What are the determinants of disease?
Host, Agent and environment
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A factor that can influence the exposure to disease causing agents ?
Immunocompromised or nutritionally deficient
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What is an endemic?
The constant low level presence of a disease or infection defined to a geographic location
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What is attack rate ?
the cumulative incidence of infection in a population observed over a period of time during an epidemic
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What is incidence?
No. of new events occurring in a defined population during a specified period of time
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What is prevelence?
proportion of people who have a specific condition at any specified time - the number of new and exsisting cases / the total population
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What is aetiology?
postulated cause of disease specifically those that utilise pathogenic medium
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What is latency/latent period?
the delay between exposure and disease , the period of initiation of infection to its detection
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The incubation period is the....
time between first contact with an infectious agent and the appearance of the first disease symptom
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What is morbidity?
the relative incidence of a disease
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What is the odds ratio formula?
odds that an exposed person develops the disease / odds that a non-exposed person develops the disease
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What are the first 3 steps in an outbreak investigation?
preliminary epidemiologic investigation -> environmental investigation -> Specimen collection & lab analysis
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What are the final 3 steps in an outbreak investigation?
Implementation of control measures -> case control study -> conclusion and dissemination of findings
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What is an experimental study?
a study in which conditions are in direct control of the investigator
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A cohort study examines....
any designated group individuals who are followed or traced over time
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What’s unique about Get Revising’s Flashcards?
Making flashcards on Get Revising is really simple and straightforward, so you can maximise the time you spend actually revising. Memorise difficult vocabulary for languages, the meaning of tricky scientific terms or the dates of historic events.
What are you called? (familiar)
Wie heißt du?
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What are you called? (polite)
Wie heißen Sie?
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How are you?
Wie geht's?/ Wie geht es dir?
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Not well at all
Überhaupt nicht gut
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How old are you? (familiar)
Wie alt bist du?
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How old are you? (polite)
Wie alt sind sie?
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Where do you come from? (familiar)
Woher kommst du?
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Where do you come from? (polite)
Woher kommen sie?
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I come from ...
Ich komme aus
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Ireland
Irland
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Wales
Wales
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Scotland
Schottland
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England
England
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France
Frankreich
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Germany
Deutschland
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Austria
Österreich
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Switzerland
der Schweiz
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Italy
Italien
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Great Britain
Großbritannien
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Spain
Spainien
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Where do you live? (familiar)
Wo wohnst du?
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Where do you live? (polite)
Wo wohnen Sie?
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I live in ...
Ich wohne in
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How do you spell...?
Wie schreibt man?
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You spell it
Man schreibt das
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double
doppel
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What is that?
Was ist das?
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That is
Das ist
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Root for "a"
ein
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a glue-stick
ein Klebstift
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a pen
ein Kuli
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a calculator
ein Taschenrechner
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a pair of scissors
ein schere
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a schoolbag
eine Schultasche
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a book
ein Buch
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a pencil case
ein Etui
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an exercise book
ein Heft
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a ruler
ein Lineal
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a dictionary
ein Wörterbuch
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a rubber
ein Radiergummi
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a sharpener
ein Spitzer
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Do you have...? (familiar)
Hast du?
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Do you have...? (polite)
haben sie
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When is your birthday? (familiar)
Wann hast du Geburtstag?
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When is your birthday? (polite)
Wann haben Sie Geburtstag?
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Creative ways to use your Flashcards
Flashcards are a fantastic tool for last minute cramming, as you’ll be able to take in fast facts with simple but effective question and answers. Grab some friends who also want to revise and test each other using your personalised resources.
War against France
1512-13 (failure)
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Battle of Spurs
1513 (success)
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Battle of Flodden
1513 (success)
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Anglo-French Treaty
1514 (success)
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Traditionalist historians argue
Wolsey wanted to maintain the balance of power
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G.R. Elton
Wolsey sometimes allied with strongest power
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Gunn
flexibility of policy, difficult to identify one guiding principle
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The treaty of london
1518 (success)
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Field of Cloth Of Gold
1520 (little diplomatic use)
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3 power conferance at Calais
1521
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Treaty of Cognac
1526 (achieved nothing)
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Diplomatic Revolution
1525 (failure)
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Treaty of Westminister
1527
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Sack of Rome
1527 (disastrous for Henry)
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Peace of Cambrai
1529 (failure)
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Wolsey became cardinal in
1515
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wolsey made papal legate
1518
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Duke of Buckingham executed
1521
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George Cavandish
lifelong servant, close proximity, no knowledge of political life
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Polydore Vergil
anti-wolsey, personal feud, cast to tower in 1515
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Edward Hall
no personal grudge, anti-cleric, supportive of break with rome, fracophobe
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John Skelton
satirical poet, mercilessly mocks wolsey, played on flaws
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Court of Star Chamber
royal court used by the kings subjects
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court of charcery
decisions here that create legal precedants, cases on property etc
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national enquiry into enclosed land`
1517
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Wolsey raised
£325,000 parliamentary subsides, £250000 (loans), 118,000 15ths&10ths
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Amicable Grant
1525 (failure)
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Purge of privy chamber
1519, expelling rising stars in tudor court
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Hunne Affair
1515
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'defence of the seven sacraments'
1521, penned by thomas more, earned henry defender of the faith
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Humanists
improvement in the intellectual and moral standards of the clergy
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Lollards
radicals, followed wyclif, challanged papal authority, english bible
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Lutheranism
solo scriptura, justification by faith alone, priesthood of all believers
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Supplication of the ordinaries
1532, churchs legal system under Henry's control
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Act of Annates
1532, ended payments to the pope
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New Archbishop
1532, Cramner, held reformed views and sympathetic to divorce
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Act in restraint of appeals
1533, ended appeals to rome and now heard by english courts
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Henry's marriage decalred void
May 1533, Catherine couldnt appeal to Rome
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Act of dispensations
1534, stopped payments to rome including peter's pence
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Act of dispensations
failure to abide resulted in praeminure, all future dispensations issued by Cram
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Act of succession
1534, registered validility of Henrys marriage to Anne
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Act of supremacy
1534, henry made head of the church
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Treason ACT
1534, silenced potential opponents
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Valor Ecclesiasticus
1535, cromwell surveyed all ecclesiastical property
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dissolution of smaller monastries
1536, dissolution of houses with income less than £200 a year
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Court of augmentations
1536
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surrender of greater monastries
1538-40
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Lincolnshire Rising
October 1536
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Yorkshire Rising
Oct-Dec 1536, Robert Aske, 30,000 men marched
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Cramner
reformist ideas, new archbishop
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Cromwell
masterminded the supremacy
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Robert Barnes
Lutheran employed on Germanic diplomatic missions
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Anne Boleyn
crucial in promoting reformers at court
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The Ten Articles
1536, shift to Protestantism, only three sacraments, catholic stance on eucharist ignored
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The bishops book
1537, acknowledge 4 sacraments but deemed them lesser, protestant
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Official Bible in english translation
3,000 bibles printed in 1539
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Anne miscarried
1536, deformed baby
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Anne's fall
May 1536 commited with multiple adultry
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Cromwell's fall
June 1540
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Act of six articles
1539, confirmed trans, private mass and confession and shift to catholocism
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